[136] Texas has the largest Black and African American population with over 3.9 million. Texas has four metropolitan areas with populations greater than a million: DallasFort WorthArlington, HoustonSugar LandThe Woodlands, San AntonioNew Braunfels, and AustinRound RockSan Marcos. Meet Texas by Texas (or TxT for short), your personal, portable government assistant from Texas.gov. Senator James Pearce of Maryland drafted the final proposal where Texas ceded its claims to land which later became half of present-day New Mexico,[106] a third of Colorado, and small portions of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming to the federal government, in return for the assumption of $10 million of the old republic's debt. The honor recognizes the business executives contributions to technology and culture during his career. [226], Texas's Rio Grande Valley has seen significant migration from across the U.S.Mexico border. Area 268,597 square miles (695,662 square km). Austin, in the south-central part of the state, is the capital. [431], The Texas constitution defines the responsibilities of county governments, which serve as agents of the state. [269], Texas has a reputation for low taxes. Admissions - Visit | Admissions - Texas A&M University [19][20] In 2010, there were 346,000 millionaires in Texas, constituting the second-largest population of millionaires in the nation. [90], During this time of political turmoil, Mexican President Antonio Lpez de Santa Anna personally led an army to end the revolt. [265], In 2010, Site Selection Magazine ranked Texas as the most business-friendly state in the nation, in part because of the state's three-billion-dollar Texas Enterprise Fund. [397] To fund recent growth in the state highways, Texas has 17 toll roads (see list) with several additional tollways proposed. [345], The state's two most widely recognized flagship universities are The University of Texas at Austin and Texas A&M University, ranked as the 21st[346] and 41st[347] best universities in the nation according to 2020's latest Center for World University Rankings report, respectively. FINAL: #4 Ole Miss 77, #13 Texas A&M 60 (SEC Tournament, Quaterfinal) Back for their third game in as many days, 13th-seeded Texas A&M faces No. The DallasFort Worth and Houston metropolitan areas number about 7.5 million and 7 million residents as of 2019, respectively. It became the 28th state of the union in 1845. [41], By the 1830s, the U.S. had drafted the Indian Removal Act, which was used to facilitate the Trail of Tears. Texas comprises a series of vast regions, from the fertile and densely populated Coastal Plains in the southeast to the high plains and mountains in the west and northwest. About Texas A&M - Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Influence of Teotihuacan in northern Mexico peaked around AD 500 and declined over the 8th to 10th centuries. [117][118] President Johnson, in 1866, declared the civilian government restored in Texas. [418] The Trinity Railway Express (TRE) commuter rail service, which connects Fort Worth and Dallas, is provided by Trinity Metro and DART. The post Who Was Sen. Matthew Gaines? [106] Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state. At this time, blacks comprised 30 percent of the state's population, and they were overwhelmingly enslaved. [30], The English pronunciation with /ks/ is unetymological, contrary to the historical value of the letter x (//) in Spanish orthography. [400] In traffic, DFW airport is the busiest in the state, the fourth busiest in the United States,[401] and sixth worldwide. [86] The unrest erupted into armed conflict in late 1835 at the Battle of Gonzales. Texas, constituent state of the United States of America. At 268,596 square miles (695,660km2), and with more than 30 million residents in 2022,[10][11][12] it is the second-largest U.S. state by both area (after Alaska) and population (after California). The first historical document related to Texas was a map of the Gulf Coast, created in 1519 by Spanish explorer Alonso lvarez de Pineda. Please note this figure refers to only the number of students paddled, regardless of whether a student was spanked multiple times in a year, and does not refer to the number of instances of corporal punishment, which would be substantially higher. The most varied of the regions, this area includes Sand Hills, the Stockton Plateau, desert valleys, wooded mountain slopes and desert grasslands. "Far West Texas" or the "Trans-Pecos" region is the state's Basin and Range Province. [91] The Mexican expedition was initially successful. Pete Maravich's son, Jaeson, says father would be 'cheering on' Detroit Mercy star Antoine Davis potentially breaking his NCAA all-time career scoring record on Thursday. Plus, Mickie DeMoss, who coached at Florida, Kentucky and Tennessee, looks ahead to the next episode of Southern Hoops and her time working with the legendary Pat Summitt. [109] In 1940, Texas was 74% Anglo, 14.4% black, and 11.5% Hispanic. [240] Following continued population growth among people of color since the 2020 census alongside the 2022 Buffalo, NY mass shooting,[241] concerns about racial and ethnic tensions were highlighted in some Texas newspapers regarding the extremist Great Replacement theory.[242][243]. Adding to Texas's traditional culture, established in the 18th and 19th centuries, immigration has made Texas a melting pot of cultures from around the world. Breezes and Sunshine to Power Georgetown, TX", "E.ON completes world's largest wind farm in Texas", "Borland bails out of California, moves HQ to Austin, TX", "Indeed opens new North Austin office, 1,000 new jobs planned", "Texas Instruments starts construction on Dallas plant", "Dell sells Perot Systems IT services division to Dallas firm", "Rackspace to Move into Former Texas Shopping Mall Again", "Amazon founder unveils space center plans", "Census Regions and Divisions of the United States", "A California-style migration stirs up Texas melting pot", "Can Houston move past the 'melting pot'? [207], Texas has 254 counties, which is more than any other state by 95 (Georgia). Northwest of this fault, the land extends into the Texas Hill Country and into the tablelands of the Edwards Plateau to the south and the North Central Plains to the north. [220] In 2010, Texas had a census population of 25,145,561. The table below consists of averages for August (generally the warmest month) and January (generally the coldest) in selected cities in various regions of the state. [455] As of 2018, Texas had the 8th highest incarceration rate in the U.S.[456] Texas also has strong right of self-defense and self defense laws, allowing citizens to use lethal force to defend themselves, their families, or their property. [324], "Texas-sized" is an expression that can be used in two ways: to describe something that is about the size of the U.S. state of Texas,[325][326] or to describe something (usually but not always originating from Texas) that is large compared to other objects of its type. [381] Texas has two Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories: one at The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) in Galveston,[382] and the other at the Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research in San Antoniothe first privately owned BSL-4 lab in the United States. Texas is commonly divided into East and West, although the dividing line between the two is ambiguous. [254] The following largest groups were the irreligious (20%), Judaism (1%), Islam (1%), Buddhism (1%) and Hinduism, and other religions at less than 1 percent each. The Panhandle of the state has colder winters than North Texas, while the Gulf Coast has mild winters. Examples of Fortune 500 companies not based on Texas traditional industries are AT&T, Kimberly-Clark, Blockbuster, J. C. Penney, Whole Foods Market, and Tenet Healthcare. [186], Some of the most destructive hurricanes in U.S. history have impacted Texas. If Texas were a sovereign state, it would have the 10th-largest economy in the world. [134], Texas modernized and expanded its system of higher education through the 1960s. Constitution on March 23. [369] Causes of the state's poor rankings include politics, a high poverty rate, and the highest rate of illegal immigration in the nation. Se recomienda escribir asimismo con x el gentilicio correspondiente: texano. [197], The state has three cities with populations exceeding one million: Houston, San Antonio, and Dallas. [56] After Caddo resistance, the Spanish missionaries returned to Mexico. The total number of Hagler Fellows surpasses 100 as the institute adds 14 new National Academy-level scholars, plus one Distinguished Lecturer. Texas A&M's path to the NCAA Tournament is dependent on its continued success into the back half of the season. [41][42], Whether a Native American tribe was friendly or warlike was critical to the fates of European explorers and settlers in that land. 2 for total agricultural revenue, behind California. [369] Texas ranks close to last in access to healthcare, quality of care, avoidable hospital spending, and equity among various groups. Violence marked the early months of Reconstruction. [136] As a part of the Sun Belt, Texas experienced strong economic growth, particularly during the 1970s and early 1980s. Explore Texas A&M and learn how to become an Aggie. Hostility towards Natives by white Texans would eventually prompt the movement of most Native populations north into what would become Indian Territorymodern-day Oklahoma. You can also download the official TxT mobile app from the Apple Store orGoogle Play Store. The first grant, to Moses Austin, was passed to his son Stephen F. Austin after his death. Many sought asylum in the United States. A Texas A&M veterinarian offers tips for designing coops and researching hatcheries. Municipalities are classified either "general law" cities or "home rule". Author of. All rights reserved. Students flocked to College Station to take part in a heart-pounding, fast-paced video game development competition hosted by Texas A&Ms School of Performance, Visualization & Fine Arts. [68] Marked by the War of 1812, some men who had escaped from the Spanish, held (Old) Philippines had immigrated to and also passed through Texas (New Philippines)[69] and reached Louisiana where Philippine exiles aided the United States in the defense of New Orleans against a British invasion, with Filipinos in the Saint Malo settlement assisting Jean Lafitte in the Battle of New Orleans. This orogenic crest is today buried beneath the DallasWacoAustinSan Antonio trend. Miscalculations by Ren-Robert Cavelier de La Salle resulted in his establishing the colony of Fort Saint Louis at Matagorda Bay rather than along the Mississippi River. [13] The origin of Texas's name is from the Caddo word tysha meaning 'friends'.[14]. The nationalist faction, led by Mirabeau B. Lamar, advocated the continued independence of Texas, the expulsion of the Native Americans, and the expansion of the Republic to the Pacific Ocean. appeared first on Texas A&M Today. Of its dense population, two-thirds of all Texans live in major metropolitan areas such as Houston. These were:[32] the Ancestral Puebloans from the upper Rio Grande region, centered west of Texas; the Mississippian culture, also known as Mound Builders, which extended along the Mississippi River Valley east of Texas; and the civilizations of Mesoamerica, centered south of Texas. [74] Twenty-three other empresarios brought settlers to the state, the majority of whom were from the United States. [436] Additionally, several factions of the party briefly split during the 1930s and 1940s. Because such intrusions are rare, and, perhaps, unexpected, they may result in crises such as the 2021 Texas power crisis. Even Native Americans hesitated to venture across these lands. Who were the fastest defensive backs? The Royal Spanish Academy recognizes both spellings, Tejas and Texas, as Spanish-language forms of the name of the U.S. state of Texas. Download the official TxT iOS or Android app, create your secure TxT account, and youre on the way to taking care of Texas services, like vehicle registration renewal, driver license/ID renewal, and more. The state's economic growth has led to urban sprawl and its associated symptoms. While Texas has few natural lakes, Texans have built more than a hundred artificial reservoirs. [402] American Airlines Group's American / American Eagle, the world's largest airline in total passengers-miles transported and passenger fleet size,[403] uses DFW as its largest and main hub. The result was widespread and catastrophic flooding that inundated hundreds of thousands of homes. Texas has two courts of last resort: the Texas Supreme Court, for civil cases, and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals. [441] The state had already redistricted following the 2000 census. Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism were tied as the second largest religion as of 2014 and 2020. In contrast, Evangelical Protestants altogether were 31% of the population at the Pew Research Center's 2014 study, and Baptists were the largest Evangelical tradition (14%);[255] per the 2014 study, they made up the second largest Mainline Protestant group behind Methodists (4%). The image of Texas was that of a raw and lawless frontier when it relinquished its independence to become a state. [259] Around 146,000 adherents of religions such as Hinduism and Sikhism lived in Texas as of 2004. The vast geographic, economic, and cultural diversity within the state itself prohibits easy categorization of the whole state into a recognized region of the United States. [99], As early as 1837, the Republic of Texas made several attempts to negotiate annexation with the United States. Enjoy the Lone Star States parks, historical landmarks, campgrounds, fishing, hunting, exhibits, fairs, and culture. Texas railway length peaked in 1932 at 17,078 miles (27,484km), but declined to 14,006 miles (22,540km) by 2000. Texas leads the nation in total net electricity production, generating 437,236 MWh in 2014, 89% more MWh than Florida, which ranked second. The state bird of Texas is the mockingbird. They included the Muscogee, Houma Choctaw, Lenape and Mingo Seneca, among others, who all came to view the Caddoans as saviors, making those peoples highly influential. Around 1,150 seaports dot Texas's coast with over 1,000 miles (1,600km) of channels. Texas - Wikipedia The state's Bill of Rights is much larger than its federal counterpart, and has provisions unique to Texas. [119] Despite not meeting reconstruction requirements, Congress resumed allowing elected Texas representatives into the federal government in 1870. Non-Christian faiths accounted for 4% of the religious population in 2014, and 5% in 2020 per the Pew Research Center and Public Religion Research Institute. Because of the long Spanish presence in Mexico and various failed colonization efforts by the Spanish and Mexicans in northern Mexico, there were large herds of Longhorn cattle that roamed the state. [271] To attract business, Texas has incentive programs worth $19 billion per year (2012); more than any other U.S. [433] As a result, the Democratic Party dominated Texas politics from the turn of the century, imposing racial segregation and white supremacy. [19][20] With a growing base of industry, the state leads in many industries, including tourism, agriculture, petrochemicals, energy, computers and electronics, aerospace, and biomedical sciences. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints is the largest nontrinitarian Christian group in Texas alongside the Jehovah's Witnesses.[255]. [358], The state has sought to expand the number of flagship universities by elevating some of its seven institutions designated as "emerging research universities". The population of the new state was quite small at first, and there was a strong mix between the English-speaking American settlers who dominated in the state's eastern/northeastern portions and the Spanish-speaking former Mexicans (Tejanos) who dominated in the state's southern and western portions. [33], The region was primarily controlled by the Spanish for the first couple centuries of contact, until the Texas Revolution. [205] These cities are spread out amongst the state. [227][228], Texas's population density as of 2010 is 96.3 peopleper square mile (37.2 people/km2) which is slightly higher than the average population density of the U.S. as a whole, at 87.4 peopleper square mile (33.7 people/km2). [322][323], The internationally known slogan "Don't Mess with Texas" began as an anti-littering advertisement. The language families present in the state were Caddoan, Atakapan, Athabaskan, Coahuiltecan, and Uto-Aztecan, in addition to several language isolates such as Tonkawa. After Texas's annexation, Mexico broke diplomatic relations with the United States. 2022-23 Texas A&M Aggies Schedule | ESPN Population (2020) 29,145,505; (2022 est.) [53] The colony lasted only four years before succumbing to harsh conditions and hostile natives. Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State for its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the state's struggle for independence from Mexico. The socialists' popularity soon waned after their vilification by the United States government for their opposition to U.S. involvement in World War I. TxT also helps you avoid the uh oh, I forgot" momentsby sending proactive emails and text reminders when its time to take action. [340], Between 2006 and 2007, Texas spent $7,275 per pupil, ranking it below the national average of $9,389. ", "Lines Blur as Texas Gives Industries a Bonanza", "No relief in sight for Texas heat and drought", https://www.rrc.texas.gov/oil-and-gas/research-and-statistics/production-data/texas-monthly-oil-gas-production/, "Tesoro Headquarters Building I, San Antonio | 308726 | EMPORIS", "Texas State Energy Profile: Electricity", "Electricity Data Browser: Net generation from electricity plants for all fuels, annual", "Texas leads nation in wind power capacity", "Hold Onto Your Bonnets! Texas offers a variety of resources to help you and your loved ones live your life as healthy as possible. [209] Each county runs on Commissioners' Court system consisting of four elected commissioners (one from each of four precincts in the county, roughly divided according to population) and a county judge elected at large from the entire county. [316], Nationally, the DallasFort Worth area, home to the second shopping mall in the United States, has the most shopping malls per capita of any American metropolitan statistical area. [283], The Railroad Commission of Texas, contrary to its name, regulates the state's oil and gas industry, gas utilities, pipeline safety, safety in the liquefied petroleum gas industry, and surface coal and uranium mining. [244] Other languages spoken include German (including Texas German) by 0.3% (73,137), Tagalog with 0.3% (64,272) speakers, and French (including Cajun French) was spoken by 0.3% (55,773) of Texans. [409] Ports employ nearly one-million people and handle an average of 317million metric tons. [37][38] Many of these peoples migrated from the north or east during the colonial period, such as the Choctaw, Alabama-Coushatta, and Delaware. [359], The state is home to various private institutions of higher learningranging from liberal arts colleges to a nationally recognized top-tier research university. Hispanics or Latino Americans of any race made up 39.7% of the estimated population. [224] The major countries of origin for Texan immigrants were Mexico (55.1% of immigrants), India (5%), El Salvador (4.3%), Vietnam (3.7%), and China (2.3%). In 2000 and 2004, Republican George W. Bush won Texas with respectively 59.3 and 60.1 percent of the vote, partly due to his "favorite son" status as a former governor of the state. [385] The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston is a highly regarded academic institution that centers around cancer patient care, research, education and prevention. Texas's border with Mexico was known as the "backdoor of the Confederacy" because trade occurred at the border, bypassing the Union blockade. APPLY TO TEXAS A&M TAKE THE FIRST STEP TOWARD YOUR FUTURE. The majority of Texas's population have been and remain predominantly Christian, influenced by Spanish Catholic and American Protestant colonialism and missionary work (75.5%). From engineering to the humanities, experts agree that artificial intelligence technology is here to stay. The post New Small Animal Teaching and Research Hospital Receives Major Gift Pledge appeared first on Texas A&M Today. [426] The Legislature meets in regular session biennially for just over a hundred days, but the governor can call for special sessions as often as desired (notably, the Legislature cannot call itself into session). In the same manner they kill deer, encircling them with fires, and they do it also to deprive the animals of pasture, compelling them to go for food where the Indians want.[49]. On these plains, sandstorms are common. Texas occupies the south-central segment of the country and is the largest state in area except for Alaska. [212] A municipality may elect home rule status once it exceeds 5,000 population with voter approval. The athletics portion of the Lone Star Showdown rivalry has been put on hold after the Texas A&M Aggies joined the Southeastern Conference. [270] According to the Tax Foundation, Texans' state and local tax burdens rank among the lowest in the nation, 7th lowest nationally; state and local taxes cost $3,580 per capita, or 8.4 percent of resident incomes. This makes it the deadliest natural disaster in U.S. Incorporated areas are part of a municipality. Both SpaceX and Blue Origin have their test facilities in Texas. The state has 15 medical schools,[379] four dental schools,[380] and two optometry schools. [415] With increasing railroad access, the ranchers did not have to take their livestock up to the Midwest and shipped beef out from Texas. The state extends nearly 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from north to south and about the same distance from east to west. Photo credit: Drew Beamer TxT reminds you when it's time to renew! Vegetation in this region consists of thick piney woods. The boundary between New Spain and the United States was finally set at the Sabine River in 1819, at what is now the border between Texas and Louisiana. [93] After several weeks of retreat, the Texian Army commanded by Sam Houston attacked and defeated Santa Anna's forces at the Battle of San Jacinto. [citation needed], Night-time summer temperatures range from the upper 50s F (14C) in the West Texas mountains to 80F (27C) in Galveston.[182][183]. Over the years, the Texas Rangers have investigated crimes ranging from murder to political corruption. Water delineates many of its borders. 2023 Texas A&M Aggies Schedule | ESPN [163], Texas has 3,700 named streams and 15 major rivers,[164][165] with the Rio Grande as the largest. [105], The Compromise of 1850 set Texas's boundaries at their present form. (2020) 29,145,505; (2022 est.) For other uses, see, "Texan" redirects here. [282] If Texas were its own country it would be the sixth largest oil producer in the world according to a 2014 study. It may have been claimed by several different peoples, including Uto-Aztecans, Athabaskans, or even Dhegihan Siouans. [171] Located far from an active plate tectonic boundary, Texas has no volcanoes and few earthquakes. Thunderstorms strike Texas often, especially the eastern and northern portions of the state. [252][253] Texas's large Christian population is also influenced due to its location within the Bible Belt. 4-seed Ole Miss in an SEC quarterfinal matchup in Greenville, SC. Pangea began to break up in the Triassic, but seafloor spreading to form the Gulf of Mexico occurred only in the mid- and late Jurassic. Texas's large population, an abundance of natural resources, thriving cities and leading centers of higher education have contributed to a large and diverse economy. Strong economic and political ties with the Spanish empire from the 16th to the 19th centuries brought few known individuals to the Americas, but United States control in the early 20th century was responsible for Filipino settlement in every metropolitan area in the state. Texas A&M Aggies Football - Aggies News, Scores, Stats, Rumors - ESPN The Texas Panhandle has an eastern border with Oklahoma at 100 W, a northern border with Oklahoma at 3630' N and a western border with New Mexico at 103 W. El Paso lies on the state's western tip at 32 N and the Rio Grande. This region is dominated by prairie and steppe. [99], The Comanche Indians furnished the main Native American opposition to the Texas Republic, manifested in multiple raids on settlements. Since the campaign's inception in 1986, the phrase has become "an identity statement, a declaration of Texas swagger". In the 118th United States Congress, of the 38 Congressional districts in Texas, 25 are held by Republicans and 13 by Democrats. [413], The first railroad to operate in Texas was the Buffalo Bayou, Brazos and Colorado Railway, opening in August 1853.